10 Examples of Carbohydrates

Most of the organic molecules you encounter are carbohydrates. Carbohydrates are sugars and starches. They are used to provide energy and structure to organisms. Carbohydrate molecules have the formula  Cm(H2O)n, where m and n are integers (e.g., 1, 2, 3).   Examples of Carbohydrates glucose (monosaccharide)fructose  (monosaccharide)galactose  (monosaccharide)sucrose (disaccharide)lactose (disaccharide)cellulose (polysaccharide)chitin (polysaccharide)starchxylosemaltose Sources of Carbohydrates Carbohydrates in foods include all sugars (sucrose or table sugar, glucose, fructose, lactose, maltose) and starches (found in pasta, bread, grains). These carbohydrates can be digested by the body and provide an energy source for cells. There are other carbohydrates that the human body doesnt digest, including insoluble fiber and cellulose from plants and chitin from insects and other arthropods. Unlike sugars and starches, these types of carbohydrates dont contribute calories to the human diet. Learn More More About Carbohydrates

Difference Between Feminist And Social Contract Theory

There are so many similarities as well as difference between Feminist Care Ethics and Rawlsian Social contract Theory. Before we compare and contrast two theories with each other, first we need to understand what exactly the philosophical theories of Feminist Ethics and Rawlsian Social Contract Theories are. These two theories both try to solve the issues of equally and justice in similar yet different ways. In one of John Rawls writings, A Theory of Justice, discusses the theory of Social Contract Theory. In his writing, he believes that is the best approach to have justice in society is to have all the following concepts: The Original Position, Veil of Ignorance and two Principles of Justice. All the ideas that he comes up were inspired from Immanuel Kant’s Universal Moral Law. John Rawls believes we have the ability to reason from a universal perspective. Under this idea, people can look at a situation from an impartial viewpoint to make moral judgements. The idea of Origin al Position, can only be used in hypothetical experiment. Original positions prevents us from having any knowledge about themselves. This prevents us from knowing what our place in society, social class, position, social status, natural assets, intelligence, strength etc. Essentially this concept is to block us from coming up with ideas that will affect the ideas of justice. In this way we would create fair laws that would not benefit or against toward certain age, sex, race or social statues etc. IfShow MoreRelatedWeaknesses Of Social Contract Theory928 Words   |  4 PagesSocial Contract theory is the idea that in the beginning people lived in the state of nature with no government and laws to regulate them. In order to overcome the issues involved in the state of nature, people entered into agreements to protect themselves and their properties. They did this by uniting, rescinding certain rights under the state of nature, and pledging themselves to an authority that will guaran tee certain protections. They all agree to live together under those laws and create aRead MoreFeminist Theory1248 Words   |  5 Pagesprotection for women, and or womens liberation. It includes some of the sociological theories and philosophies concerned with issues of gender difference. Nancy Cott defines feminism as the belief in the importance of gender equality, invalidating the idea of gender hierarchy as a socially constructed concept. Feminism has earned itself a bad reputation, but it never undermined gender differences that exist between males and females. A man can never be as good a mother as a female can. SimilarlyRead More Pateman On Locke Essays1259 Words   |  6 Pages For years social contract theorists had monopolized the explanation of modern society. John Locke was among those who advocated this theory of a collectively chosen set of circumstances. Carole Pateman, on the other hand rejects many of the pillars of the social contract and specifically attacks certain aspects of Lockes argument regarding paternalism and patriarchy. Pateman defends her idea that the individual about which Locke writes is masculine, instead of the gender-encompassing form of theRead MoreEssay about The Criticism of Social Contract Theories1232 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Tatum Schneidmiller Justice Theory Assignment #1 Ward Churchills criticism of social contract theory clearly applies to classic social contract theories that we discussed.   However, Rawls adds the veil of ignorance concept to his more modern social contract theory.   A) Explain the basics of Rawls and Churchills arguments and how they each criticize classic social contract theories.   B) Discuss whether or not Churchills argument applies to Rawls modification and explain how and why it doesRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Theories Of International Politics And Zombies 1419 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis In Daniel W. Drezner’s book, Theories of International Politics and Zombies, Drezner explores the theoretical impact a zombie apocalypse would have on international relations. In his exploration of ideas, Drezner analyzes the approaches of different types of feminism disciplines to a zombie apocalypse. The two feminist ideas he explores are liberal feminism and post structuralist feminism. Drezner however, ignores the idea of a radical feminist approach in a critical time such as a zombieRead MoreThe Need For More Justice By John Locke1608 Words   |  7 Pagescome together to bind individuals and establish the social contract tradition. However, the way in which individuals decide on a form of government and its goals, is heavily reliant on specific conceptions of the human person. Annette Baier, a known â€Å"care ethics† political philosopher, fundamentally aligns herself with notions of care ethics and consent in her piece â€Å"The Need for More Justice,† yet departs from Locke and critiques the social contract tradition when it comes to conceptions of the humanRead MoreOrthodox Sociological Understandings of Work, Employment and Professions1572 Words   |  7 Pagesthe work of white males and on paid employment. But since the Second World War there has been a gradual increase of women entering the labour market thus creating an interest in the work carried out by women. There has also been a great feminist interest in the sociology of work, employment and the professions and this has both challenged and increased traditional understandings of work. Classical approaches to work almost ignore gender in their explanations or at leastRead MoreTheoretical Perspectives Used By Sociologists925 Words   |  4 Pagesfunctionalism, social conflict, and feminist. Actions of the family members in Family Dinner Date video can be explained by each of these theories. According to the symbolic interaction theory, people behave and communicate in a particular group in a proper way, the way that is suitable for that group. Moreover, they do not only communicate and act in response to the environment, but play an important role in a process of creating and changing their own environments and their own groups. Based on social communicationRead MoreFeminist Geography1667 Words   |  7 PagesFeminist Geography Since its conception, geography has been involved in the development of races and genders, mapping the boundaries that separate and exclude the world of privilege from the other. The imposing eyes that facilitated this domination have recently been challenged to quash their perpetuation of racial difference, and although existing more obscurely, to challenge the sexist legacy remaining in geography. â€Å"As part of geography, feminist approaches within ourRead More Feminism Essay1662 Words   |  7 Pagesand establish their status as equal citizens. The British social order came a long way from 1890s when women in Britain were legally restricted to the point they could not enter a contract, own property or have parental rights; unmarried women were challenged by society and pressured in to marriage (British History Oxford, 2007).The women’s rights and suffrage movements in the period between 1832 and 1918, which is known as ‘The first feminist wave’, aimed to challenge the idea of women being the inferior

How is Benedick presented in the scenes leading up to this point Free Essays

In these two extracts, Shakespeare provides two very different presentations of Benedick. The first: misogynistic, marriage-fearing Benedick which he projects to his audience. Second: the warm-hearted, love-sick Benedick who, despite his fiery demeanour, is very much in love with Beatrice. We will write a custom essay sample on How is Benedick presented in the scenes leading up to this point? or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the first part, Benedick soliloquises about the man who â€Å"dedicates his behaviours to love† is a fool, and the irony of becoming the â€Å"argument of his own scorn.† This pre-empts the drastic change in Benedick’s behaviour later in the scene. Already we see a confident flurry of long, complex declaratives, signalling a kind of gusto to Benedick’s emotions: he clearly feels strongly about this issue. However, the fact that he must say these things to himself may serve to highlight his insecurity with himself. It is quite obvious from earlier points in the play that Benedick is wholly uncomfortable with his feelings towards Beatrice and tries (unsuccessfully) to hide these feelings. In the next few lines, Benedick contrasts battle imagery such as â€Å"good armour† with softer, more romantic objects, such as a â€Å"new doublet.† This serves to illustrate his contempt for Claudio’s utter turnaround. His tripling in this section further emphasises both Benedick’s views, and indeed his own issues. The fact that he must use persuasive techniques such as parallelism suggests that he himself cannot truly bring himself to believe his apparent viewpoint. Benedick ends with a long list of characteristics which he wishes to see in his dream woman. Although utterly fantastic in terms of realistic prospects, it nevertheless contrasts with Benedick’s view earlier in the narrative, where he insists that he will â€Å"die a bachelor.† His dogmatic disposition is obviously being broken down in small steps. The comment suggests that Benedick is not as opposed to the notion of taking a woman as he may be trying to convey; it is more a reluctance to settle for less, as it were. As we shall see, Beatrice proves to be this catalyst for his transformation. The second extract follows the planting of the idea that Beatrice is in love with Benedick into his mind, by Don Pedro, Claudio and Leonato. Once again, Benedick launches into an excitable monologues, consisting of a few very long declaratives. This certainly displays a lot of excitement on his part, and the fact that he uses an interrogative, a rhetorical question (â€Å"love me?†), shows a disbelieving sense of glee and does much to counteract the pessimistic Benedick from a few lines earlier. In conjunction with his earlier soliloquy, Benedick attempts to dismiss his earlier ideas, stating that â€Å"a man loves the meat in his youth, that he cannot endure in his age.† He seems to think that it is acceptable that he can change his views drastically over the space of a few minutes without any sort of continual repercussions. His metaphor serves as a hyperbolic piece of irony, the imagery not befitting the very short space of time that Benedick is describing. As Beatrice enters, we see Benedick misinterpreting her words in a very optimistic manner. He believes that her words truly confirm her feelings for him and fails to see the absurdity of his thoughts. The transformation, if you will, is complete. Benedick even goes so far as to recite some of the qualities listed and how they are apparent in Beatrice. Again, the use of tripling is effective, but here instead to show a rush of revelationary excitement that his slim hopes have been realised. Overall, the second extract serves to prove the insecurity conveyed in the first. Shakespeare presents Benedick as unsure and unnecessarily dogmatic, and this is confirmed by his behaviour in the second part. In the scenes leading up to this, we see the establishment of Benedick as the witty cynic, at odds with traditional values. I believe that Shakespeare’s initial presentation of Benedick goes in stark contrast to his true character. In the first scene, he is called â€Å"a good soldier.† The later war of wits with Beatrice, and his misogynistic advice to Claudio and Don Pedro very much establishes Benedick as a â€Å"man’s man,† if such a thing existed in Elizabethan times. However, I believe that this is merely a faà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ade, and that he does have a pretty clear motive. It seems to me like the reason for Benedick’s disposition is, put simply, Beatrice. He is confused and frustrated at his feelings towards Beatrice, and attempts to counteract them through his words of scorn. Quite clearly, the other characters see through this, and this is what leads them to trick him later. Another aspect of Benedick’s personality, his insecurity, also seems to stem from Beatrice. At the party scene, he shows exasperation at her description of him as a â€Å"jester† and â€Å"dull as a great thaw.† Benedick clearly cares about Beatrice’s opinion of him, no matter what his exterior may suggest. His short monologue at the end of that scene is once again one where interrogatives are used in order for Benedick to reassure himself. Benedick is seen to have a sharp-tongued speaking style interspersed with witty metaphors and riddles. This singles Benedick out of someone with a high level of intelligence, but it also immediately identifies him as a counterpart to Beatrice. His militant anti-marriage stance is mirrored by hers, and his words of advice to Claudio convey his emotions in flowery prose, perhaps suggesting a reluctance to disclose any true information about himself. Overall, Benedick is presented as someone who is heavily influenced by Beatrice, and it seems that it is her actions that shape his personality, and define him as a character. Obviously, this is consistent with the narrative, and goes a long way to explain Benedick’s sudden change of heart in Act 2 Scene 3. How to cite How is Benedick presented in the scenes leading up to this point?, Papers

ClearCutting Of Forests Essay Research Paper ClearCutting free essay sample

Clear-Cutting Of Forests- Essay, Research Paper Clear-Cutting of Forests- In the past three decennaries worlds has cleared over half the Earth s original woods. The lone states staying that still hold important countries of original woods are Russia, Brazil, and Canada ( Staff. 1997 ) . Such desolation has occurred over these few old ages as a consequence of clear-cut logging being practiced all around the universe. First, Loggers allow no clip for re-forestation. In brief, trees are being cut down faster than they can be re-planted. Second, clear-cutting velocities up eroding and causes landslides, which are largely caused from route edifice and usage. Third, BC makes up for 74 % of Canada s land brooding mammals and 70 % of genteelness birds ( Staff. 1997 ) . Therefore in order to protect these animate beings, clear-cutting must discontinue. Clear-cut logging in British Columbia must be abolished. Large scale clear-cutting must be halted to let people to re-plant woods. Reforestation is go oning in BC, but non fast plenty. Twelve old ages ago Mount Paxton was wholly cleared of all trees and bushs that grew there ( Hamilton, G. 1997, October 14 ) , non one tree was missed. Mistake piled upon error when Mount Paxton was logged. Says conservationist, Mark Haddock, of Forest Policy Watch. Interfor [ logging company that cleared Mount Paxton ] originally cut the mid-zone, and when a buffer strip along the ocean began to blow down, the forest service had the strip logged. Then a cut fire got out of control and burned the top. Under the regulations of the twenty-four hours, the forest service demanded Interfor so log the remainder, despite two entreaties by the company that the incline was steep, bouldery and insecure to work on. Lumbermans had to be lowered on ropes to cut the 40-metre-tall trees. Is it any admiration rains washed the exposed dirts off? ( Hamilton, G. 1997, October 14 ) Afterwards, no 1 bothered to re-plant on Mount Paxton. It s coastal side, exposed to weave and rain, remains au naturel to this really twenty-four hours. It was an ecological catastrophe, Gordon Hamilton recalls: As our chopper approached Mount Paxton from the Pacific, we foremost saw the au naturel acme, an old logging route seeable across its face like a still fresh cicatrix. Landslides swept downward from [ logging ] roads like cryings. Then we saw metempsychosis on the lower incline, where the 2nd growing already forms a thick cover of green. When we landed at that place, on the leftover of an old logging route, the new wood on either side was about impenetrable. Subsequently on the acme, we noticed re-forestation has been less successful. Slacco [ Ric Slacco, Forest Merchandises main Forester ] noted strong incremental growing on the shorter and less legion trees, a positive mark. The acme will recover, he forecast. Haddock said he saw marks that much of the thin dirt had washed downhill. ( Hamilton, G. 1997, October 14 ) Haddock provinces that While it is true trees are returning, it will be centuries before a wood as biologically rich as the old 1 returns on Mount Paxton ( Hamilton, G. 1997, October 14 ) . Despite the new growing, the mountain still stands as a bequest of everything incorrect with the manner BC s woods were logged every bit late as a decennary ago. It besides offers a in writing warning of the jeopardies of logging on steep coastal inclines where every bit much as seven metres of rain a twelvemonth can wreak mayhem on the terrain. ( Hamilton, G. 1997, October 14 ) . For supposed errors, like Mount Paxton, to neer re-occur, clear-cut logging must stop. Clear-cutting in BC injuries environmental characteristics. Because of entire logging, all the trees have been harvested, therefore ensuing in land slides. The roots of the elephantine tree s putrefaction and cause instability in the dirt. This decomposition of the roots can do slides every bit large as three hectares that can do desolation to nearby small towns, pollute rivers, and all the way all the dirt off steeper parts of mountains doing it impossible for trees to turn. A great subscriber to this huge figure of mudslides, are logging roads. The tyre ruts from logging trucks in these roads get so deep that they can go the chief waterway replacing the ditches at the side of the route, therefore ensuing in more eroding. Faced with a deficit of logging blessings, companies are constructing roads and logging on them within a affair of months, before the roads have a opportunity to stabilise. ( Hamilton, G. 1997, October 16 ) . These premature roads, referred to as green roads, frequently can non defy heavy equipment rumbling over them without turning into a sea of clay, which finally makes its manner to watercourses. If pink-orange happen to be nearby, the silt can surround engendering beds. Chilliwack Forest District director, Jerry Kennah, had this to state on the issue of green roads: When you are forced to be logging on a route that s been built within the last six to eight months, you can acquire this type of activity [ muddy roads ] . If we had more clip, had the programs in topographic point, had everything approved and have the roads built 18 months in progress, you wouldn t get this. But unluckily, in some state of affairss, companies are waiting for the following license to come out or else their lumbermans are through following hebdomad. They go home unless we get something out of the office for them. ( Hamilton, G. 1997, October 16 ) . Jack Munro, chair of the pro-industry Forest Alliance of BC voiced It shouldn t be go oning [ utilizing green roads ] . The roads need at least two old ages to settle ( Hamilton, G. 1997, October 16 ) . If contractors know they are constructing a route that will be in usage really shortly after building, they can take stairss to guarantee deposits wear T float to the surface and wash into watercourses. Forest Products head Forester, Ric Slacco expresses his feelings about a route edifice technique called side-casting: This is incorrect. It shouldn Ts have happened, and it is non something we would excuse as an acceptable pattern. Side-casting is a pattern where excavated stuff is merely dramatis personae over the side of the mountain, where its weight can greatly lead to incline failure. Streams, no longer regulated by the forest screen, turn in power, rinsing out everything but the largest stones from their beds. Side slopes cave in, adding to the harm. ( Hamilton, G. 1997, October 14 ) . For these environmental characteristics to be preserved, distinct logging must stop. The environmental characteristics that are ruined are besides the places of the birds, animate beings, and insects that live in the woods. Clear-cutting must discontinue to protect animate beings in BC. In the Nahmint Valley, 20kms West of Port Alberny, many species of insects and animate beings lose their nutrient and places. Clear-cutting has caused woods to go so shriveled that creatures that before were booming, are now being nominated for the endangered species list. Heavy logging [ and runing ] have eliminated two of six elk races ; others have been stressed about to extinction. Merely a fraction of virgin woods on public lands in the United States and Canada is entirely protected. A position that lumber cutting favours such animate beings by increasing bush and leaf along forest borders has drawn increasing challenges from research workers. Recent surveies indicate that some species, such as the Roosevelt moose and Black-tailed cervid, need the annealing microclimate of old growing to acquire through summers heat and winters cold. ( Findley, R. 1990, pg.108 ) . An endangered bird of quarry, the Accipiter gentilis, was found late to have been populating an country in the Nahmint Valley, and may go extinct if the country continues to be cleared. Harmonizing to Smith It s the authoritative illustration of scientific discipline versus political relations. We have scientific discipline that Tells us we have to make certain things to protect wildlife and so we hold political relations that says it must non impact the rate of cut because the forest industry is bring forthing gross for the authorities. ( Hamilton, G. 1997, October 15 ) . Water contaminated from the clay slides endangers the lives of salmon, and steelhead trout. Furthermore, it is unhealthy for the moose, bears, and other animate beings who drink at these watercourses. For these carnal s nutrient to be preserved, and their places be protected, distinct logging must stop. Clear-cut logging in British Columbia must be abolished. Forests must be allowed clip to renew. All in all adult male must aid by seting new trees where old growing is cut. Peoples must utilize more cautiousness in exerting their destructive logging patterns, which in bend are most harmful to the environment. Lumbermans must happen an surrogate tree reaping method to clear-cutting. Though it may take longer and be a little more expensive, adult male must invent a method that won Ts wholly destroy an country of land which, to many animate beings, is place. Human existences must let animate beings to hold plentifulness of available nutrient, and an easy place to happen. All animate beings will shortly go endangered or be driven to extinction if non given infinite to boom. Today in BC, 190,000 hectares of forest are distinct every twelvemonth. A consequence of 10,000 old ages of post-glacial activity, is being distinct. Unless people take action now, half of all the unprotected intact rain forest vales will hold roads built into them or be distinct.

15 Types of Documents

15 Types of Documents 15 Types of Documents 15 Types of Documents By Mark Nichol Many terms exist that distinguish one form of documentation from another. Here are some words for specific documents, with explanations of their functions as well as additional definitions of the terms. 1. Bond: an agreement made binding by a payment of money if the agreement is not honored; also, an adhesive, restraining, or uniting element, force, or object, or, as a verb, to create such an effect 2. Certificate: a document attesting that something is true or someone is qualified, or proving debt or ownership, or, as a verb, to certify 3. Charter: a written contract or instrument, or grant or guarantee, that defines conditions, privileges, or rights, or a lease of all or part of a vessel, or, as a verb, to confer such an agreement, or to offer for hire 4. Compact: an agreement (related but not identical to compact, meaning â€Å"dense†) 5. Constitution: a written instrument detailing a political or social entity’s rules and the rights of its citizens or members, the laws or principles of such an entity, or any custom or law; also, the composition or establishment of something 6. Contract: a document detailing an agreement, often enforceable by law, between people or parties, or the agreement itself, or, as a verb, to enter into an agreement; also, in criminal jargon, an arrangement to assassinate someone 7. Covenant: a document recording a formal binding agreement, or the agreement itself, or an action to remedy breach of such an agreement, or, as a verb, to make such an agreement 8. Diploma: usually refers to a record of a degree earned from an educational institution, although it also applies rarely in general to a document conferring an honor or privilege or to an official document 9. Guarantee: a written or stated agreement about possessing or using something or about the longevity or quality of a product, or the agent of such as agreement, or, as a verb, to provide such an agreement 10. Guaranty: synonymous with guarantee, but also an agreement to be responsible for payment of a debt or performance of a duty, or a pledge (see below), or, as a verb, to provide such an agreement 11. License: a document or other item that is evidence of the granting of a license, or the authority to engage in an activity, or assignment of some or all rights by a patent or copyright holder to another, or, as a verb to grant such a document; also, straying from artistic forms or standards and, generally, freedom or permission to act, or, specifically, irresponsibly or with disregard for standards (in the latter senses, also referred to as licentiousness) 12. Passport: a document authorizing the bearer to pass into and out of sovereign nations, or, as a verb to send or take items through a country; also, generally, authorization or permission to travel, or, figuratively, something that enables achievement of a goal 13. Pledge: a binding promise to do or not do something, or a contract for performance of an act or security of a debt, or the security itself, or, as a verb, to agree to such a promise or contract 14. Surety: synonymous with guarantee or pledge, or certainty, confidence, or the foundation of confidence or security 15. Warrant: a document assigning authority to do or act, or, as a verb, to assure, declare, or guarantee Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:20 Great Similes from Literature to Inspire YouGrammar Quiz #21: Restrictive and Nonrestrictive ClausesHow to Style Titles of Print and Online Publications

Virus Essay essays

Virus Essay essays A virus is a strand of hereditary material coated by protein. They are too small to be seen by a light microscope and can take many shapes and forms. They can also do many different things. Viruses have neither a cell membrane nor nucleus or any other organelles. Viruses are harmful because they multiply by infecting host cells, living cells within the body, and then make copies of themselves while inside the living cell. After the new copied viruses disperse from the host cell, it dies. Some viruses, latent viruses, do not multiply, but become part of the host cell changing and becoming part of it's hereditary material. When a host cell infected with a latent virus copies itself, the viral DNA is also copied. Viruses can stay latent for many years, and certain conditions may activate the virus. Viruses attack all sorts of hosts, such as animals, plants, fungi, protists and all prokaryotes. While some many affect a broad range, other viruses can only infect certain kinds of cells. Viruses can not move by themselves, they must be transported by external means, such as wind. Most viruses only attack one kind of host cell because it must fit together exactly with the virus. A different type of virus is the bacteriophage. Bacteriophages infect bacteria by entering and releasing hereditary material. Each infected cell releases around 100 viruses. To fight viruses, we use vaccines. Vaccines are made of inactive, dead or weakened virus cells that con no longer infect host cells. Edward Jenner was the first to create a vaccine. In 1796 he developed a vaccine for small-pox by taking inactive cells from a disease called cowpox and injecting them into healthy people. Antibiotics do not work on viral infections because they are meant for bacterial infections. If not treated by vaccine, your body can try to prevent viral infections by making inferons. They are proteins created by infected cells, and are sent to other ...

BA 200 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

BA 200 - Essay Example The application of a comprehensive school reform in culturally and linguistically diverse school, for instance, is â€Å"both a rewarding and challenging enterprise† (Datnow, Borman, Stringfield, Overman, and Castellano 162). It is concluded that learning and student experience becomes more enriched through these programs. While CSUB implements policies that  prevent discrimination against gender, racial, and religious minorities, it lacks programs that promote and support the needs of minority students. University organizations, programs, and activities usually cater to the needs of the dominant majority of white, heterosexual students. Minority students are left with the choice of joining these groups and participating in their activities. This lack of choice in  organizations and activities tend to limit students' freedom. In a study of policy changes by D’Augelli, he states that â€Å"lesbians and gay men on campus were empowered† (126). It is, therefore, encouraged to establish organizations and promote activities that will benefit minority students. Different initiatives can be enacted to encourage students exercise their freedom within the premises of the university. First, a public space can be devoted to students where they can write the things they like and dislike  about the university.

Brooklyn Community Assesment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Brooklyn Community Assesment - Research Paper Example In order to gather data about the Brooklyn community, various US governmental reports and annual reports of the organizations or the agencies dealing with this particular community have been effectively utilized. Apart from these, valuable data about the community has been gathered through utilizing varied reliable sources including newspapers, websites and community magazines of the US. In order to describe the boundaries of Brooklyn community, it will be vital to mention that a huge proportion of the individuals residing within this community uneducated, which eventually imposed adverse impact on its development. Justifiably, the prevalence of low literacy rate has caused employment related problems in Brooklyn community at large. As per the report published by City of New York (2012), the prevalence of greater unemployment rate has certainly emerged the conduct of numerous violent activities in the locality of Brooklyn community (City of New York, 2012). Apart from this, it can al so be ascertained that medical science and hospital facilities are not up to satisfactory mark, which has been troubling the citizens residing within Brooklyn community. Thus, mortality rate of Brooklyn community is higher than that of the average mortality rate of the US. The report of New York City College of Technology (2013) stated that one out of three adults does not insure their life in Brooklyn community. Similarly, 31 % of the residents within Brooklyn do not get involved in having medical check-up regularly.

Oligarchy in the US Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Oligarchy in the US - Essay Example The audience of the article is the average American populace. Aristotle, credited for the term oligarchy, defines oligarchy as the exercise of power by wealthy citizens, which causes intense political disparities that essentially accompany excessive material inequalities. While the average American populace constitutes a large percentage of Americans as compared to the wealthy, they still have no voice in decision making concerning economic and political issues in America. As a result, economic disparities continue to persist within Americans, and the average American populace must understand their role in public policy making. Jeffrey Winters and Benjamin Page present evidence that the United States is both democratic and oligarchic. The fact that oligarchs can operate separately without knowing each other is evidence that oligarchy can go unnoticed in several instances (Winters and Page 739). In addition, the extent of economic disparity in the United States proves the authors points about oligarchy. Even so, the authors affirm that there is significant substantiation from academic research that public policy in the United States is not set by oligarchs, but rather reacts strongly to the inclination of normal citizens. The coexistence of oligarchy and democracy is evident because, at times the decision of people counts, while in other cases, the viewpoint of the wealthy sways public

America The Most Powerful Nation Media Essay

America The Most Powerful Nation Media Essay America is arguably, the most powerful nation on Earth, having one of the largest military forces and in addition to this, American culture saturates the market, almost drowning out cultural exports from other countries, both developed and developing, this cultural overshadowing of the rest of the globe allows America to, in effect be the power house of the entire World. There is not a major urban metropolis on the planet without a McDonalds or a Starbucks. This Globalisation has also helped to cement Americas position as the most powerful nation on Earth. Many authors have attempted to identify precisely why and how America achieved this fantastical global domination, including Ziauddin Sardar who lists The Ten Laws of American Mythology in his text, American Dream/Global Nightmare. Rather than examine every one of Sardars laws of American Mythology, I have instead decided to merely look at five examples and see if they support Sardar claims that every citizen in the world is a citizen of America. Sardars first law of American Mythology is that; Fear is Essential (Sardar, 2004, pp.21) and living in this modern age of terror, it is hard not to see that law applied across the Globe. Terrorists, so we are told, can strike anywhere, at anytime and can be absolutely anyone. This atmosphere of fear and distrust, very similar to that which was created under McCarthy in America in the Nineteen Fifties, or even ironically under Stalin in Communist Russia. Sardar states that; To live in America is to be beset by fear, anxiety and insecurity, to be surrounded by potential harm, enemies and evil intent. (Sardar, 2004, pp.21) This fear of terrorism and general atmosphere of fear is supported by the news media, who spend the entirety of their time either reporting on stupid n onsense, of absolutely zero interest or significance on anyones life, which is also an American influence, worship of the cult of celebrity, or alternatively forming a state of fear, creating folk devils and moral panics, much as they did with hoodies in the early years of the Twenty-First Century, or punks before that in the Nineteen Seventies. Sardars second law of Americana also supports the theory that everyone is a citizen of America; Escape is the reason for being (Sardar, 2004, pp.21) Sardar states that America was created for people; à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦in search of room to breathe, in search of a place to recreate themselves and shape a new lifestyle free from constraints. (Sardar, 2004, pp.21) This especially applies in the modern world where escapism seems to be virtually everyones ultimate goal, people can even have entire virtual lives on the internet, generally playing American made games. Even if someone decides to experience some escapism at a lower level, maybe some light reading or watching a film, chances are they are American made as well, and will almost undoubtedly portray an American bias, either in the spellings, or the pronunciations or possibly even just the cultural standards that everyone needs to reference in order to fully appreciate and enjoy a work of art. War is a necessity (Sardar, 2004, pp.25) America is probably the most pro war nation on the planet, having, in the last twenty years, sent troops into: Iraq , Somalia, Yugoslavia, Afghanistan, The Philippines, Iraq again and most recently Libya. As Sardar states; Even before 9/11, [America] had waged war on over half the nations of the globe. [Americas] economy is a war economy. Its science and technology is deeply entrenched in the military machine. (Sardar, 2004, pp.25) Arguably most of the wars in Americas recent history, havent even been waged for ideological reasons, or for any necessary reason, but instead for money, and to further advance or merely enable the atmosphere of terror that Sardar identified in his first law. Sardars seventh and eighth laws, namely that; Cinema is the engine of empire and that; Celebrity is the common currency of empire (Sardar, 2004, pp.24) both support his theory; The [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦] notion that America is the idea of nation, was formalised and made manifest in cinema. And this standardised, industrialised, manufactured product became Americas greatest export, the idea of Self it represented to the world, and through which it demonised, appropriated and brought other cultures within its own purview. (Sardar, 2004, pp.24) The dominance of America in the world of Cinema is staggering, as well as owning one of the worlds greatest movie-making and movie exporting locations, Hollywood. In the very early days of cinema almost all films were American made, and this legacy has not gone away, the film world is incredibly America-centric, and so of course the country itself profits greatly from this exportation of film. In addition to being the location of the movie capital of the world, American films are translated and shipped all over the world. As well as this, many big American films are simply remade by large foreign studios, such as Bollywood. However, this trend has begun to reverse in recent years, with the apparent lack of original thinking in Hollywood leading to an exceptional number of remakes of foreign films. It is impossible to speak about American films, without mentioning celebrities, the passengers for whom these vehicles are crafted. American celebrities, and celebrities in general all over the world, perform little basic function in the real world but are universally praised regardless of their talent or charisma, and there is no shortage of opportunities to applaud them, such as the Oscars, as Sardar states; They are collective ritual where obeisance is made to the engine of empire. The ritual performance of the Oscar ceremony is a demonstration of global power and domination that will provide headlines, column inches and immense economic rewards around the globe for the year to come. (Sardar, 2004, pp.24-25) There is little doubt that America has a massive effect on the rest of the world and on citizens of all nationalities, but especially upon Great Britain. America has dragged Britain into many ill-ventured Wars in the last two decades, including; Iraq, Afghanistan, and most recently Libya. How many of these military ventures would Great Britain have been involved in if not for America and the special relationship that exists between the two countries. There are many possible reasons for this to have occurred, not least of which, in my opinion, is due to fear on the part of British politicians and leaders, fear of America and the power that America can wield, after all fear is essential according to Sardar. However the War on Terror was not something that purely affected America, while the destruction of the World Trade Centre was undoubtedly a tragedy and spurred America into taking action against virtually the entire of the Middle East and a large portion on the rest of the world, there were also other terrorist attacks on major European capital cities, there was the bombing of the London Underground and the number 30 Bus on the Seventh of July 2005, and the bombing of the Cercanias in Madrid on the Eleventh of March 2004, but it was definitely America that led the charge against the perceived threat of terrorism. However America did nothing when there were terrorist attacks that did not affect or threaten them, such as the campaign by the Real Irish Republican Army; including the Banbridge bombing on the First of August 1998, and the Omagh bombing of the Fifteenth of the same month, even continuing their hands-off attitude towards world security when the Real IRA began their campaign against London in the year 2000. But maybe this carelessness on the part of America was for the best as their response to terrorism has been heavy handed at best, War on Terror has already become deeply embedded in laws, policies, and the practices of government agencies, But nearly eight years since the 9/11 attacks, US charities are still treated as a threat to security. Although, the change in administration in Washington gave hope that the US government would adopt more measured responses to the threat of terrorism, (Howell, 2009. Pp53) Another way in which America is slowly but surely wearing away any sense of individuality in any other country is Globalisation and the impact that America has on the rest of the world economically. The recent economic crisis that has plagued the entirety of the world, has its roots in America, on Wall Street, and the greed of American bankers sending the world economy into a meltdown. Much like the Wall Street Crash of 1929 and the Great Depression that followed it, the economy of the entire world looks to Wall Street for its cues, economically, and when that collapses the entire world follows suit, not just in the United Kingdom, across the entirety of Europe national economies have collapsed completely and require bailing out. This is in contrast to the way in which America affected so many countries before the breakdown, with its material security; à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦the availability and expansion of material security and comfort enabled early American social patterns and culture to expand and solidify, to both delineate and spread an American national character. With growth, more people could participate in that distinctive culture more fully and could become more American (Fischer, 2010) This greed of America has other less deep effects, rather than the drastic nature of an economic meltdown, the desire for greater profits means that many American companies subcontract work abroad, where they have to pay workers less money for doing the same work; Most American computer firms now subcontract basic work to Bangalore, (Wes, 1996, pp.49) The ultimate result of this is that foreign workers have a loyalty to America for providing them work and allowing them to feed their families, and as they have to speak the language and think about America for the majority of their day. Inevitably American culture and sensibilities work their way into the daily life of these foreign workers. Americas globalisation is not only confined to high street outlets, as was mentioned in my introduction, but in actual fact goes much deeper than that. The majority of household brands consumed in England are American in origin, such as Mars, and every subsidy of that which comprises most of the chocolate eaten in the country and Coke and Pepsi which together produce the majority of all soft drinks. Even brands which ostensibly appear to be British are in fact American, such as the fact that ASDA is actually owned by Wal-Mart. Globalization as an economic phenomenon has been the dominant force for economic integration and the main driver of growth worldwide for many decades, although the speed of globalization- taken to include trade, finance, flows of information and technology, and offshoring- is unprecedented in modern economic history. The increased economic interconnections between countries are widely credited as one of the driving forces that significantly reduced poverty in China and Vietnam, enabled the poorer nations of Europe to ride the European Union train to higher incomes, and gave hope to some African countries. (Spence, M. 2010. Pp 4) However, as Spence states, Globalisation is not merely a one way system with America pushing its culture onto the rest of the world, there are many other cultures with a huge influence over the worldwide ethos, such as Japan and the huge influence Manga and Anime have over the fields of western animation and comic books, or the influence of J-Pop and J-Rock on music or the fashion sensibilities of Japans youth subcultures. It certainly appears that America has a far greater influence on other cultures than any other country, but I believe that this is simply because America is, comparatively, a newer country, having only existed independently for two-hundred and thirty-five years, and rather than gradually coming into being like most other countries, America came into being with a bang with the signing of the Declaration of Independence on July 4th 1776. Therefore, rather than gradually affecting neighbouring countries through occupation or the spread of changing languages, the use of foreign words in the English language is not seen as dominance of other cultures, American culture has had a much more sudden influence on the rest of the world. In regards to language, American words; sidewalk instead of pavement and American spellings of English words; color instead of colour for example have for the most part completely failed to influence the English language in any way. However there are many words in the English language which are actually foreign words in origin, for example French, abandon, abattoir and abbreviation, and German words such as, zeitgeist. However this may be due to historical concerns, the American language is essentially a slight variation on the English language which would explain why there has been little influence, and the fact that approximately thirty percent of the words in a standard English dictionary have a French origin is due to the Norman conquest in the 11th Century. Another reason for the dominance of American culture is the fact that, as a nation, America has entered the Empire building stage of their development during a time in which Empire building is strongly discouraged by the international community, all other countries that have had extensive Empires; Rome, Great Britain and Mongolia, greatly spread their culture around the Globe through sheer force and domination of the natives. Whereas America has to be more subtle in the ways in which American culture is spread, it is no longer acceptable to conquer a country and force the local populace to speak your language and follow your customs, so America has to make itself seem like the ideal, Sardar in fact refers to this with the title of his essay; American Dream/ Global Nightmare The American Dream in many ways, is the ultimate goal of every person on the globe, regardless of nationality or creed, to be allowed to support yourself and live how you want to live, but by naming it The America n Dream gives the impression that to be American is in itself the ultimate goal, this dream can only be achieved in America, The Land of the Free supposedly. However I do not believe that this submission to American cultural dominance is a necessity as Sardar claims it is, while it would undoubtedly be difficult to remove all American influences from your life, it would not be impossible. American culture is not as essential to life as oxygen or food or water, but the influence it has, both directly; such as the import of American brands and culture, like books and films, and also indirectly; such as the influences that American culture has had on books and films created in other countries, for example, as was mentioned earlier in this essay, the news media now reports either stupid nonsense of terrifying stories of horrific violence. This has come from an American influence, the cult of the celebrity is definitely American in origin, and possibly serves to fill the void left by the lack of a monarchy. In conclusion I believe that while America undoubtedly has a massive influence on the rest of the world and that the difference between American and non-American citizens is rapidly decreasing, but that doesnt mean that everyone is becoming an American citizen, it merely means that everyone is a citizen of the World. The increasing availability and dominance of technology means that communication across the world is now incredibly simple and the dominance of the internet means that practically anyone can interact with anyone else on the globe without actually having to meet them. In addition to this, Nietzsches Death of God, and the increasing redundancy of National Identity means that there is very little loyalty to either country or religion, only loyalty to ones self and ones family, this in itself is Americas greatest influence over the rest of the world. This combination of atheism and almost a self loathing of your country of origin, is what is causing many people to seem like American citizens, even when they are not. Americas worldwide domination is undoubtedly on the decline, the rising powers of India and China are threatening Americas hold over the culture of the world, in addition to this, Americas military imperialism is causing many people, both in America and throughout the World, to question the way in which the country is run, the torture committed at Guantanamo Bay and the suspension of civil liberties in the name of fighting terrorism is causing America to be painted as the real villain of the World building on the image sketched out by the war in Vietnam and the Watergate scandal. The blind, heartfelt patriotism of Americans who willingly went to die on foreign soil in the Second World War for Uncle Sam and Moms Apple Pie is well and truly dead, modern Americans are much more likely to question their country and their place in the world as is exemplified by the work of modern artists; such as film directors and rappers.

La Malinche Essay -- essays research papers

"La Malinche." Slave, interpreter, secretary, mistress, mother of the first "Mexican." her very name still stirs up controversy. Many Mexicans continue to revile the woman called Doà ±a Marina by the Spaniards and La Malinche by the Aztecs, labeling her a traitor and harlot for her role as the alter-ego of Cortes as he conquered Mexico. They ignore that she saved thousands of Indian lives by enabling Cortes to negotiate rather than slaughter. Her ability to communicate also enabled the Spaniards to introduce Christianity and attempt to end human sacrifice and cannibalism. Herself a convert, baptized Marina, she was an eloquent advocate for her new faith. As for the charges against her, they are in my opinion baseless. So let us visit this remarkable woman and examine the facts. All historians agree that she was the daughter of a noble Aztec family. Upon the death of her father, a chief, her mother remarried and gave birth to a son. Deciding that he rather than Marina, should rule, she turned her young daughter over to some passing traders and thereafter pro- claimed her dead. Eventually, the girl wound up as a slave of the Cacique (the military chief) of Tabasco. By the time Cortes arrived, she had learned the Mayan dialects used in the Yucatan while still understanding Nahuatl, the language of the Aztecs and most Non-Mayan Indians. "La Malinche" did not choose to join Cortes. She was offered to him as a slave by the Cacique of Tabasco, along with 19 other young women. She had no voice in the matter. Up till then, Cortes had relied on a Spanish priest, Jeronimo de Aguilar, as his interpreter. Shipwrecked off Cozumel, Aguilar spoke the Mayan language as well as Spanish. But when the expedition left the Mayan-speaking area, Cortes discovered that he could not communicate with the Indians. That night he was advised that one of the women given to him in Tabasco spoke "Mexican." Doà ±a Marina now enters Mexican history. It was she who served as the interpreter at the first meetings between Cortes and the representatives of Moctezuma. At that time Marina spoke no Spanish. She translated what the Aztecs said into the Mayan dialect understood by de Aguilar and he relayed it to Cortes in Spanish. The process was then reversed, Spanish to Mayan and Mayan to Nahuatl. Bernal Diaz, author of "The Conquest of New Spain" authe... ...e was full of corpses. The dry land and stockades were piled high with the dead. We also found Mexicans lying in their own excrement, too sick to move." After the Conquest, Cortes, with a wife in Spain, arranged to have Marina married to a Castilian knight, Don Juan Xamarillo. Soon thereafter she disappeared from history. But she had borne Cortes a son, Don Mahin Cortes. While many other Indian women were impregnated by Spaniards, we have no record of their fate. Hence, if modern-day Mexicans are a blend of Spanish and Indian blood, Doà ±a Marina's son was the first "Mexican" whose career we can follow. He rose to high government position and was a "Comendador" of the Order of St. Jago. In 1548, accused of conspiring against the Viceroy, he was tortured and executed. In more recent times, the term "Malinchista" has been used by some to describe those who dislike Mexicans. But Doà ±a Marina deserves better. A fearless, loyal and determined woman, she was a heroine who helped save Mexico from its brutal, blood-thirsty rulers--and in doing so she played a major role in fashioning what is today one of the most dynamic societies in all of Latin America.